Independent heating systems of the car: prestarting heaters,
Independent heating systems of the car: prestarting heaters,
Heaters of salon and engine systems.
Winter frosts force us to reflect seriously on ways of warming not
Only the person, but also the car. To "warm up" the engine at the low
Temperatures before start-up it is necessary, as thanks to it
Losses of energy of the accumulator are reduced and its start is facilitated;
Deterioration of the details testing oil starvation decreases; decreases
The expense of fuel in the course of engine warming up. As to heating
Salon, here comments izlishni: to sit in a cold and to wait, while
The engine will be warmed up and "will share" heat for heating of salon,
For certain very few people likes.
To lower influence of a cold on the car in whole and its systems in particular
Heaters allow (or as them still name - heaters,
Systems of heating of the engine etc.) which work irrespective of
The engine. They can be subdivided on electric, fuel (work
On liquid potlive) and made by a thermos principle.
Electric heaters.
Most powerful of electroheaters - engine heaters.
They eat from a usual electric network (220). Their main detail -
Heating spiral element like that are established in
Electric kettles. The spiral is located in one of system branch pipes
Coolings or a technological aperture of the block of cylinders of the engine.
The electroheater is equipped by the electronic block of management,
Fan heater for obduva salon, the relay, protecting from an overheat,
And pylevlagozashchitnoj the socket for an electric power supply. Some
Systems of heating of such type have the timer of inclusion-deenergizing and
Function of additional charge of the accumulator. But at all listed "pluses"
Electric heaters have one essential lack - they
"Are completely adhered" to an electric network, therefore in our conditions
Very often appear useless.
Absolutely other situation with use of electroheaters has developed
In northern countries, such as Finland. There practically at each house,
Hotel and on each parking place there are special sockets for
Connections of electric systems of heating of the engine.
Electric heaters with the external power supply of the Swedish
Companies Calix AB in the Ukrainian market are realised by firm Biltema. For three
Business hour heater Calix raises temperature of the cooling
Liquids on 500п . It can be completed with the inclusion-deenergizing timer
And the device of additional charge of the accumulator. Cost of heater Calix in
The minimum complete set - 125 c.u.
Except powerful electroheaters of the engine, there are also more simple
Electric devices for the salon heating, working from the onboard
Networks of the car (12). Thanks to the compactness and small
Capacities they have received the name miniheaters, to be exact,
Miniheaters as warm only car salon.
To establish them it is possible in any convenient place or there where there is no heat,
Submitted "oven". They are usually connected To a network of the car through
Socket prikurivatelja. Miniheaters happen the most various form, and
The principle of their job by something reminds job of a room fan heater
Or the hair dryer for drying of hair. They are established by means of the magnetic
Plate or self-cut screws, and possibility to regulate
The direction of a stream of submitted air and its temperature allows
Completely to exclude the inconveniences called by colds.
Miniheaters are very effective for heating of glasses of the car. In that
Time, when because of neprogretogo the engine automobile "oven"
Stays idle, the miniheater quickly enough deletes from glasses
Hoarfrost also excludes them zapotevanie, thereby giving the chance
It is safe to move even long before full warming up of the engine. Cost
Miniheaters which the same offers Biltema, fluctuates in
Limits 15-29 y.e.
Fuel heaters.
The main feature and advantage of independent heaters - full
Independence of any external energy sources. By a principle
Heating independent heaters can be two types: liquid and
The air. The first warm up cooling liquid, raising the such
In the image engine and air temperature in the car salon, the second
Submit air on salon heating, therefore they accept the name more
Heaters or heaters.
The design of independent heaters is familiar to drivers of buses
"Ikarus" and lorries in northern and military execution. Their basis -
The nonconventional engine in which there is a chamber combustion (torch),
Spark plug (for gasoline) or nakalivanija (for diztopliva) and
The dosing fuel pump. Into a heater design also enter
The electronic block of management, gauges (a flame, an overheat, temperature),
The water pump, air pipes and the muffler of noise of the fulfilled gases.
Received at fuel combustion in the combustion chamber warmly in the special
The heat exchanger it is passed a cooling liquid. Circulation of this liquid
Through the heat exchanger, systems of cooling of the engine and salon heating
Provides the electric hydropump fed from AKB of the car.
Job of modern independent heaters, as well as electric,
It is supervised by the programmed electronic block of management. Except
The control of time of inclusion and heater deenergizing, in its function
Enters: maintenance pozharobezopasnosti, reception of commands from the remote
Control panel and even revealing of errors of the driver at management
Heater job. Reliable protection against fire occurrence - one
From the major requirements to independent heaters. From the own
Experience I will notice, that prestarting heaters army "KamAZov" and
"п п п -66" were characterised by the raised propensity to ignition, that in
The near past has brought many troubles.
As to air heaters of salon, a principle of their action
It is close to the liquid. Difference consists only that warmly in
The heat exchanger it is given to not cooling liquid, and submitted
The fan to air. Modern designs of air heaters
Provide their silent job, profitability and absence of strangers
Smells.
Air heaters established not so long ago only on cars with
Engines of air cooling, including on "Zaporozhtsy". Today
The situation has changed. All of them can be met by lorries is more often,
The buses, the special building technics where it is necessary having warmed
Cabins at the idle engine (night parking) or when a cabin
There are far from the engine (cranes). Such heaters are necessary and
To fans of rest on the nature - to fishermen, hunters, it is simple to tourists,
Enjoying beauty of winter landscapes far from settlements, and the main thing -
To "truckers" who should have a rest very often far from
Hotels and motels.
In the Ukrainian market it is presented two large manufacturers of the independent
Heaters. These are German firms Eberspecher ("Eberspeher") and Webasto
("vebasto"). In realisation of production Eberspecher in Ukraine are engaged
Firms "п п я я п " and "Alkon Service". As to production Webasto, it
At us not only is on sale, but also it is made by the joint
Ukrainian-German enterprise "Vebasto-Elektron".
German firm Eberspecher lets out wide enough scale
Heaters for the most different technics. The greatest distribution
Today have received compact liquid heaters of type Hydronic
("gidronik"). In the course of job they can heat up equally
The engine and car salon, and can work and as independent
Heaters, giving heat only on salon heating, not spending at
It of energy (fuel) on heating of the engine. Heaters "gidronik"
Are simply enough mounted in podkapotnom car space. At
It it is not required the special equipment and the tool, there is enough
Only to choose a place of fastening of the unit, to connect it to systems
A food and engine cooling, with a control panel and also to lay
The pipeline for tap of the fulfilled gases. Cost of heaters
"gidronik" an order 800-1000 c.u.
Have the features and heaters Webasto. For management of them
Electronic timers are offered both mechanical, and. Some
Models of heaters are equipped with a remote control system
Telestart. Range of transfer of commands with its help reaches 600-1000
Metres. It is remarkable, that heaters Webasto are useful also in the summer. In a heat
System of heating Webasto during set time before engine start
Can switch on the car fan, airing salon and liquidating
"Thermal stoppers", facilitating job of the automobile conditioner.
Cost of heaters of firm Webasto 750-1000 c.u.
Heat accumulators.
Heat accumulators (teploakkumuljatory), or thermoses work by a principle
Preservation of heat which collects in the course of engine job.
Before starting the cold engine, for prorolling through a thermos
Cooling liquid the driver from a cabin switches on the electric
Water pomp. The cold liquid thus selects accumulated in
Thermos warmly and further, already in razogretom a kind, arrives in the engine.
The motor warmed up thus is easily got and quickly gets warm.
The system only in a case, when "on rest" the car is effective
Is no more than two days.
The device of the given type in Ukraine is realised by firm "б б б?б©ц б б ц ц ц цЁб©ц ". Them
teploakkumuljator пёп п п -0,8 (the device of simplification of start of the engine with
Initial thermal capacity of 0,8 kw/hour) after polutorasutochnoj parking
The car at average temperature the minus 200п is capable all for 5-6
Minutes to warm up the engine to plus 350п . At such temperature the engine
It is got without the slightest problems, and the starting current of a starter decreases on 60
Ampere. Economy of fuel at use of this thermoaccumulator
Reaches litre quarters at each start-up of the engine. Cost пёп п п -0,8
With installation of an order 330 c.u.
Fuel heaters.
If in cars with petrol engines a heater or
The thermoaccumulator is solved by many winter problems with diesel engines arises
Necessity of installation and other additional systems of heating.
It is caused by that at low temperatures diesel fuel
"Freezes", to be exact, because of paraffin crystallisation becomes more
Viscous, that interferes with its passage through the fuel filter and
To qualitative dispersion in cylinders. Warm up fuel or in
The filter, or on all way from a fuel tank to TNVD (the main
Heater). The second way of heating is more calculated on
Use in the conditions of the extreme north at very low temperatures
- Minus 30-400п . The main heaters of fuel more difficult. They
Are equipped by the electronic block of management, the gauge of temperature of fuel,
The timer. For their food the electricity household (220 can be used
Or onboard (12, 24) networks. To our climatic zone from it
Moderate frosts the heater of the fuel filter more approaches. It
Much easier and more cheaply. As a whole heaters of fuel not only
Relieve owners of cars with diesel engines of winter problems, but also
Raise service life of expensive fuel equipment.
One of such systems of heating of fuel, namely complex PH-3, on ours
The market represent firms "б б б?б©ц б б ц ц ц цЁб©ц " already familiar to us and "Alkon
Service ". Their heater of fuel consists of two parts -
termozabornika and the thermofilter. termozabornik - not that other, as
Electrowarmed up reception branch pipe of a fuel tank. The thermofilter -
The electrowarmed up fuel filter. This system is interesting to that in
From a cabin of the driver it is possible for dependence on temperature of air
To switch on only one of heaters or simultaneously both.
The electric power on a heater food is selected from an onboard network
The car. Cost of complex PH-3 with installation - 180 c.u. Except
Domestic heaters of fuel, in Ukraine meet and
Heaters "termolajn" (Termoline) firm already familiar to us
Eberspecher. Cost of its fuel heaters of an order 340 c.u. l.
Jury Datsyk.
"Car centre"
N1 2000.
//* an information Source: п п п п я я п?п?п?i п iя я i, 17.01.00
//* Reg. Nom. - 1100100135.19-------------------------------------------
|
